1 Samuel 23:10

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Then said David, O LORD God of Israel, thy servant hath certainly heard that Saul seeketh to come to Keilah, to destroy the city for my sake.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּאמֶר֮ Then said H559
וַיֹּאמֶר֮ Then said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 17
to say (used with great latitude)
דָּוִד֒ David H1732
דָּוִד֒ David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 2 of 17
david, the youngest son of jesse
יְהוָה֙ O LORD H3068
יְהוָה֙ O LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 3 of 17
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֱלֹהֵ֣י God H430
אֱלֹהֵ֣י God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 4 of 17
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 5 of 17
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
שָׁמַע֙ hath certainly H8085
שָׁמַע֙ hath certainly
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 6 of 17
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
שָׁמַע֙ hath certainly H8085
שָׁמַע֙ hath certainly
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 7 of 17
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
עַבְדְּךָ֔ thy servant H5650
עַבְדְּךָ֔ thy servant
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 8 of 17
a servant
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 9 of 17
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
מְבַקֵּ֥שׁ seeketh H1245
מְבַקֵּ֥שׁ seeketh
Strong's: H1245
Word #: 10 of 17
to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
שָׁא֖וּל that Saul H7586
שָׁא֖וּל that Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 11 of 17
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
לָב֣וֹא to come H935
לָב֣וֹא to come
Strong's: H935
Word #: 12 of 17
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 13 of 17
near, with or among; often in general, to
קְעִילָ֑ה to Keilah H7084
קְעִילָ֑ה to Keilah
Strong's: H7084
Word #: 14 of 17
keilah, a place in palestine
לְשַׁחֵ֥ת to destroy H7843
לְשַׁחֵ֥ת to destroy
Strong's: H7843
Word #: 15 of 17
to decay, i.e., (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively)
לָעִ֖יר the city H5892
לָעִ֖יר the city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 16 of 17
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
בַּֽעֲבוּרִֽי׃ H5668
בַּֽעֲבוּרִֽי׃
Strong's: H5668
Word #: 17 of 17
properly, crossed, i.e., (abstractly) transit; used only adverbially, on account of, in order that

Analysis & Commentary

Then said David, O LORD God of Israel, thy servant hath certainly heard that Saul seeketh to come to Keilah, to destroy the city for my sake.

David's prayer employs formal covenant language. The address 'LORD God of Israel' (Yahweh Elohei Yisrael) invokes the covenant relationship. David's self-designation as 'thy servant' maintains humility before God. His concern extends beyond self-preservation: Saul threatens 'to destroy the city for my sake'—David worries about collateral damage to the town he just saved. This intercessory dimension elevates his inquiry beyond mere escape planning. The Hebrew infinitive construct 'leshahet' (to destroy) echoes Sodom's destruction, suggesting David sees Saul capable of similar devastation. His prayer recognizes that others suffer when the wicked pursue the righteous.

Historical Context

David's formal prayer follows ancient Near Eastern patterns of divine inquiry—stating the petitioner's understanding of the situation before asking specific questions. This protocol respected God's majesty while presenting human concerns clearly.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources